The sun produces UV radiation, and this radiation is split into three types: UVA, UVB and UVC. UVC can’t penetrate the earth’s atmosphere, so the ones to be aware of are UVA and UVB.
UVA is the type of radiation that causes ageing of the skin. It can increase wrinkles and age spots (brown pigmentation), as well as contributing to skin cancer in places with high exposure. UVB rays are the ones that cause visible sunburn.
Sunscreens use either organic filters or physical filters. Organic filters work by absorbing UV radiation and convert it into infrared before giving it back out again.
Physical/inorganic filters contain titanium dioxide or zinc oxide which reflect the UV rays away from the skin.
There are so many types of sunscreen available that it can be confusing to make a choice. The first decision you need to make is whether to use a physical or chemical sunscreen.
Chemical sunscreens are the ones that absorb UV rays. Lots of people prefer them to physical sunscreens because they are usually more cosmetically elegant — they typically soak into the skin without being visible and work well under makeup.
Physical sunscreens can often leave white marks on your face as they use zinc oxide or titanium oxide as physical barriers to protect the skin. However, they work well for people with very sensitive skin who might react to the ingredients in chemical sunscreens.Your sunscreen should be the last step in your morning regimen. So, it goes after any toners, moisturisers or other steps. This means it forms a barrier to protect your skin, allowing the active ingredients to work better as new damage to the skin is lessened.
Always apply sunscreen in your morning routine. Even if it appears cloudy outside, there are still UVA rays around that can cause skin damage.